Background: - Two ways to study the brain while people are moving are near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG). NIRS uses light to look at blood flow in the brain when it is active. EEG records electrical activity in the brain. Both have been used safely for many years, even in very young children. NIRS or EEG can be used while a person is moving to show which parts of the brain are the most active. Researchers want to use NIRS and EEG to study brain activity during movement in people with cerebral palsy and healthy volunteers. Learning more about how people with and without cerebral palsy use their brain to control their muscles may lead to new ways of training people with cerebral palsy to move better. Objectives: - To study how the brain controls body movement in people with and without cerebral palsy. Eligibility: - Individuals at least 5 years of age who have cerebral palsy. - Healthy volunteers at least 5 years of age. Design: - This study has three parts. People with cerebral palsy will be selected for all three. Healthy volunteers will be asked to do only two of them. Everyone who participates will have NIRS and/or EEG exams during movement. People with cerebral palsy may also have biofeedback sessions to train coordination of movement and brain activity. - Participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. Urine samples may be collected. - All participants will have at least one session of NIRS and/or EEG imaging studies. Sessions may also include the following tests: - Magnetic resonance imaging to look at the brain - Electromyography to measure electrical activity of the muscles - Motion analysis of specific body parts - Ultrasound to measure activity of the muscles - Motorized, robotic, and electrical stimulation of the muscles - Other clinical tests of muscle movement as needed. - Participants with cerebral palsy will have biofeedback sessions. These sessions will help them learn to coordinate muscle movement and brain activity.

Type: Observational

Start Date: Aug 2013

open study

Background: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a condition in which women under the age of 40 years have absent or irregular menstrual cycles. POI can cause infertility, signs of menopause, osteoporosis, and other symptoms. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a treatment that gives women extra hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone. HRT works well in adult women. Researchers want to find the most effective doses and regimens for adolescents. Objective: To monitor the effects of HRT on adolescents with POI. Eligibility: Female adolescents aged 11 to 19 years diagnosed with POI. Healthy volunteers are also needed. Design: All participants will have clinic visits every 6 months for 2 years. Each visit may last 2 days. Each visit may include: Blood and urine tests. A test of their heart function. A test to measure the stiffness of their blood vessels. Participants will lie flat with a blood pressure cuff on a leg and a meter on the neck while the cuff inflates. A test of their grip strength. Participants will squeeze a handheld device as hard as they can. Two scans to measure bone density. For one, participants will lie on a table while a scanner passes along their body. For the other, participants will sit in a chair and insert their forearm, then their lower leg, into a scanner. A test to measure skin pigmentation. Participants' skin will be touched lightly with a device. An optional visual exam of the vagina. Some vaginal fluid may also be collected with a cotton swab/cytobrush. Participants with POI will receive HRT. They will be given estrogen patches and progesterone pills.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Jul 2025

open study

Background: A neuroendocrine tumor is a rare type of tumor. It comes from body cells called neuroendocrine cells. Sometimes, these tumors develop in the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. Researchers want to find out if a combination of drugs can shrink these tumors. Objective: To learn if people with certain neuroendocrine tumors can take a combination of 2 drugs, Lutathera and Olaparib, without having severe side effects, and if this treatment makes the tumors shrink. Eligibility: Adults 18 and older who have a neuroendocrine tumor in the pancreas or intestine that cannot be cured by surgery and has somatostatin receptors on the cells. Design: Eligible participants will get Lutathera through an intravenous (IV) infusion every 8 weeks for 4 cycles. One cycle is 8 weeks. Each cycle includes a follow-up visit at week 4. For the IV, a small plastic tube is put into an arm vein. Participants will also take Olaparib by mouth twice a day for 4 weeks of each cycle. They will use a medicine diary to track the doses. During the study, participants will have physical exams. They will have blood and urine tests. They will fill out questionnaires about their general well-being and function. Their heart function will be tested. They will have scans of their chest, abdomen, and pelvis. One type of scan will use an IV infusion of a radioactive tracer. Participants will have a follow-up visit about 4 weeks after treatment ends. Then they will have follow-up visits every 12 weeks for 3 years. Then they will have yearly phone calls....

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Oct 2022

open study

Background: Children s weight has increased sharply in recent years. This may put them at higher risk for health problems. High blood glucose in a pregnant mother and too much weight gain during pregnancy also may have long-term effects on the child s health. Children who become overweight or obese during childhood tend to remain so as adults. Researchers want to study many risk factors during and after pregnancy, and how these affect a child s development. They will also follow the mother s health and well-being after pregnancy. Objectives: To learn how a pregnant mother s environment, lifestyle, and health conditions may affect her child s growth and development from birth until adulthood. Eligibility: American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) or Hispanic adult pregnant women and their offspring. Design: Mothers will have 3 visits during pregnancy. In the child s first year, mothers will have 2 visits and their child will have 4. Children will have 2 visits in their second year and 1 each year until they turn 18. Mothers will have a visit 2 years after birth and 4-5 years later. Both the mother and child s medical records will be reviewed. They will have physical exams and give blood and stool samples. Mothers may give cord blood and placenta samples. They will give breastmilk and urine samples. They will fill out questionnaires. They will have an ultrasound. They may get an activity monitor. Mother and child will be followed until the child s 18th birthday.

Type: Observational

Start Date: Apr 2022

open study

Background: Researchers have developed a new radioactive tracer (11C-ARMI). A tracer is a drug that attaches itself to other chemicals in the body and lights up so that the chemicals can be seen in imaging scans. The new tracer may be able to help them with many diseases, such as Alzheimer s disease and Parkinson s disease. Researchers want to test the new tracer in healthy people. Objective: To test a new tracer (11C-ARMI) during imaging scans of the brain and body in healthy people. Eligibility: Healthy people aged 18 years and older. They must have been screened under protocols 01-M-0254 or 17M0181. Design: All participants will have a positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scan. Before the scan, they will have blood and urine tests and a test of their heart function. The tracer will be given through a tube attached to a needle inserted into a vein in the arm. They will lie on a padded bed that fits inside a doughnut-shaped machine; the machine uses x-rays to create images of the inside of the body. Some participants will have a PET/CT scan of their whole body. They will need only 1 visit. Some participants will have a PET/CT scan of only their brain. They will have up to 2 visits. On the second visit, they will have a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the brain. For the MRI, they will lie on a table that slides into a cylinder. The MRI uses magnetic fields to create images of the inside of the body. Participants will receive a follow-up call to check on their well-being after their PET/CT scans.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Aug 2026

open study

Background: PDE4D is a protein in the body that plays a role in thinking and depression. This protein may play a major role in disorders such as Alzheimer disease or major depressive disorder. To learn more about these disorders, researchers want to be able to detect levels of PDE4D in the brain. 11C-JMJ-129 is a new radiotracer (a radioactive substance that highlights parts of the body during imaging scans) that was developed to attach only to PDE4D. However, early human studies showed that the tracer may break down in the body and create byproducts that interfere with the brain signal, making the results harder to interpret. This study will test whether a medication called disulfiram can improve PET imaging with 11C-JMJ-129. Disulfiram blocks an enzyme in the body that may be responsible for breaking down the tracer. By reducing this breakdown, the study aims to improve the quality and accuracy of brain images. The results may help researchers better measure PDE4D in the brain and support future studies of brain disorders. Objective: To test the new radiotracer 11C-JMJ-129, with and/or without disulfiram pretreatment during imaging scans in healthy volunteers. Eligibility: Healthy people aged 18 years and older who had a screening assessment under protocol 01-M-0254. Design: Participants will have 1 to 4 clinic visits. Participants will be screened. They will have a physical exam. They will have blood tests and a test of their heart function. Participants will undergo 1 or more of these scans: A positron emission tomography (PET) scan of the whole body. The radiotracer will be injected through a tube placed in a vein in the arm. Participants will lie on a table while a donut-shaped machine passes over them. Blood will be drawn from the arm during this scan. In Phase 5, disulfiram (500 mg orally) will be administered approximately 20 hours before the post-disulfiram PET scan A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the brain. Participants will lie on a table that slides into a tube. A PET scan of the brain. These participants will be injected with the radiotracer. They will lie on a table with their head in the scanner. Participants will be called within 3 days after each PET scan for a check on their health.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Apr 2025

open study

Background: Nicotine dependence leads to about 480,000 deaths every year in the United States. People with major depressive disorder (MDD) are twice as likely to use nicotine compared to the general population. They have greater withdrawal symptoms and are more likely to relapse after quitting compared with smokers without MDD. More research is needed on how nicotine affects brain function in those with MDD. Objective: To understand how nicotine affects symptoms of depression and related brain function. Eligibility: People aged 18 to 60 years, at the time of consent, with and without MDD who do not smoke cigarettes or use other nicotine products. Design: Participants will have 2 or 3 study visits over 1 year. Participants will have 2 MRI scans no less than 4 days apart. Each scan visit will last 5 to 7 hours. At each scan, they will have urine and breath tests to screen for recent use of alcohol, nicotine, and illegal drugs. Before each scan, they will take 1 of 2 medications: nicotine or placebo. Participants will receive each medication once. They will not know which medication they are receiving at each scan. For each MRI scan, they will lie on a table that slides into a cylinder. Sometimes they will be asked to lie still. Sometimes they will complete tasks on a computer. Tasks may include identifying colors or playing games to win money. Each scan will take about 2 hours. Participants will answer questions about their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors before and after each scan. They will have a blood test after each scan.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Feb 2023

open study

Background: CAR T-cell therapy is a promising new treatment for blood cancers. During treatment, a person s T-cells are genetically changed to kill cancer cells. Researchers want to learn more about the effects of potential problems that may be associated with this treatment. We are specifically interested in learning if and how this treatment may affect the brain or your thinking skills. Objective: To learn if CAR T-cell therapy can affect how children and adults think, process, and remember things. Eligibility: People aged 5-35 who have blood cancer that has not responded to treatment, or the blood cancer has come back after treatment, and who will receive CAR T-cell therapy. Caregivers are also needed. All participants must be able to speak and read in English or Spanish. Design: Participants will be screened with a medical history. Information from participants medical records will be collected. Participants will take tests at home or at NIH to see how well they think, read, learn, remember, reason, and pay attention. The tests will be both computerized and paper/pencil. They will take less than 1 hour to complete. Participants and a parent/adult observer will complete a 5-minute Background Information Form and a checklist of nervous system symptoms. If participants are 5 years or older, they will participate in activities to test their ability to do different thinking tasks, like answer questions, complete puzzle patterns, and remember things. Participants and their caregivers will complete questions to see if they are having specific symptoms related to receiving CAR T-cells. The questions will assess their well-being and needs. The questions will take less than 1 hour to complete. Some tests and questions will be repeated at different time points in the study. Participation will last for up to 3 years.

Type: Observational

Start Date: Jun 2025

open study

Background: - Functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques have allowed researchers to map and study how the brain works when at rest and when engaged in specific tasks. MRI scans have provided more information about how drugs affect the brain, and about how drug addiction changes the brain and influences behavior, mood, and thinking processes. To better understand the underlying mechanism of drug addiction and to develop strategies for more effective treatment, researchers are interested in developing new MRI techniques to study the effects of addiction on the brain. Objectives: - To develop new functional and structural MRI techniques, and to evaluate their potential use in brain imaging studies related to addiction. Eligibility: - Individuals between 18 and 80 years of age. - Participants may be smokers or nonsmokers, and may use drugs or not use drugs. Design: - During the initial screening, participants will complete questionnaires about family and personal history, drug use, and other information as required by the researchers. Participants who will be asked to complete tasks during the MRI scan will be shown how to perform these tasks before the scanning session. - Before each study session, participants may be asked to complete some or all of the following: questions about their drug use during the last week, a breathalyzer test, a urine drug-use assessment, a urine pregnancy test, or a measure of carbon monoxide. Participants will also provide blood samples before the start of the scan. - For each scanning session, participants will have an MRI scan that will last approximately 2 hours. - MRI scans may include specific tasks to be performed during the scan, or an experiment that studies the brain's response to carbon dioxide.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Oct 2003

open study

This study seeks to learn more about the symptoms of severe mood dysregulation in children and adolescents ages 7-17. Children and adolescents with severe mood dysregulation (SMD) display chronic anger, sadness, or irritability, as well as hyperarousal (such as insomnia, distractibility, hyperactivity) and extreme responses to frustration (such as frequent, severe temper tantrums). Researchers will describe the moods and behaviors of children with these symptoms and use specialized testing and brain imaging to learn about the brain changes associated with this disorder.

Type: Observational

Start Date: Jan 2002

open study

Substance use disorders are highly prevalent. However, recovery from them is possible. The recovery process can benefit greatly from support from loved ones. Loved ones may need guidance in the most helpful ways to support recovery. This study aims to refine and test a web-based intervention, known as KulaMind-Recovery, which offers online skill building and educational modules, one-on-one video sessions and "on-demand" text-based support from a coach, and access to a community forum to connect with others with shared experience.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Jul 2026

open study

This study examines how two different weight-loss strategies affect heart and metabolic health, as well as changes at the molecular level in the body. One group includes adults who are starting a GLP-1 receptor agonist medication (i.e., semaglutide or tirzepatide) prescribed by their own doctor for weight loss. The other group includes adults who will participate in a structured lifestyle program combining a reduced-calorie diet with increased physical activity. Both groups complete assessments at the start of the study and again after three months. At each visit, participants have their weight, body composition, blood pressure, and resting metabolic rate measured. A blood draw is collected to evaluate cholesterol, blood sugar, insulin, appetite hormones, and liver and kidney function markers, and to analyze gene activity (RNA sequencing) and metabolites, which are small molecules that reflect how the body is using energy and nutrients. Participants also complete online questionnaires about diet, disordered eating, stress, mental health, and quality of life. Those in the lifestyle group attend three individual nutrition and physical activity counseling sessions over the course of the study. The main goals of the study are (1) to determine whether GLP-1 receptor agonist medication or lifestyle changes produce greater improvements in heart and metabolic health markers over three months; (2) to examine if GLP-1 receptor agonist medication or lifestyle changes produce greater improvement in disordered eating, stress, mental health, and quality of life; (3) to investigate if GLP-1 receptor agonist medication or lifestyle changes produce greater improvement in appetite-related hormones (i.e., ghrelin, GLP-1, insulin, leptin, and peptide YY); and (4) to explore whether the two approaches cause different changes in gene expression and metabolic profiles. This is a pilot study conducted at Texas Tech University's Nutrition and Metabolic Health Initiative clinic in Lubbock, Texas. Who can participate: Adults aged 18 years and older with a BMI of 27.5 or higher who are either starting semaglutide or tirzepatide therapy for weight management or who are seeking weight management without the use of weight-loss medications. Who cannot participate: Individuals who are pregnant or lactating, have a pacemaker or internal medical device, have certain serious medical conditions (such as active cancer, uncontrolled hypertension, or severe kidney disease), have type 1 diabetes, or use insulin for type 2 diabetes.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Jan 2025

open study

By doing this study, investigators hope to learn how electrical stimulation can improve human movement, biomechanics, and function and to gather information on the safety and effectiveness of an implanted electrical stimulation system after paralysis from spinal cord injury, stroke, multiple sclerosis, and traumatic brain injury.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Mar 2021

open study

The University of Iowa's Center for Disabilities and Development is researching how pregnancy, early childhood experiences, and genetic factors influence child development, with a focus on autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Pregnant women are invited to participate in a study that tracks their pregnancy and child's early development, through simple, at-home activities using a cell phone. Participants complete short questionnaires, join an online interview, and videotape their baby's play after birth. They are also sent a kit to swab their baby's mouth to collect cheek cells for genetic testing. The study will explore whether stress and early social experience lead to genetic changes associated with autism or other developmental conditions.

Type: Observational

Start Date: May 2026

open study

The proposed project aims to evaluate the Parenting Young Children Check-up (PYCC) through a randomized clinical trial in a family medicine clinic in Detroit that primarily serves low-income families. Forty parents will be randomized to intervention (n = 20) or control (n = 20) conditions. We will follow up with parents 1 month and 3-months later to test the impact of the program on children's behavioral health/disruptive behavior problems, parenting, and parenting stress and to examine how much parents in the intervention group make use of and report satisfaction with the PYCC program.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Nov 2025

open study

This study will evaluate the risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a rare brain infection caused by John Cunningham virus (JCV), among people with multiple sclerosis who have been treated with ozanimod. The study will collect and review reported cases of PML to describe patient characteristics and estimate how often PML occurs among people treated with ozanimod. Researchers will assess factors that may be associated with the occurrence of PML, such as age, duration of ozanimod exposure, prior immunosuppressant use, lymphopenia, and JCV antibody status .

Type: Observational

Start Date: Jun 2026

open study

The primary purpose of this study is to use multiomic data in combination with clinical assessments, electronic health records, cognitive and mood assessments, wearable technologies and lifestyle/behavioral data to identify data elements or combinations of data elements with strong positive or negative correlation to CKD diagnosis and/or progression in Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) patients. Achieving this aim will allow researchers and physicians to significantly improve the prediction of health trajectories of and formulate novel strategies to potentially prevent, treat or reverse T2D. South Carolina Medicaid-enrolled patients diagnosed with T2D and a smaller subset of non-T2D SC Medicaid patients may participate in this study. Participants who complete required procedures will be compensated for their time and transportation, may keep their study-provided Fitbit device to help maintain their healthcare improvement journey, and will have a personal Certified Diabetes Educator to consult and assist with managing their diabetes diagnosis.

Type: Observational

Start Date: Jul 2026

open study

This is a Phase 1 study evaluating the feasibility of using SLR-108 for positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging of metastatic solid tumors.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Jul 2026

open study

This study investigates the feasibility of the Labcorp Plasma Detect, which is an assay (test) that looks for circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in patients who have muscle-invasive (MI) urothelial carcinoma (also known as MI bladder cancer, MIBC). During this study, tissue, blood and urine samples will also be analyzed to help the study team better understand this type of cancer and a patient's response to treatment.

Type: Observational

Start Date: Jul 2026

open study

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn how a partially self-supervised constraint-induced movement therapy (sCIMT) program in adults with arm and hand weakness will work after stroke. This study will look at whether the program can help people improve the use of their arm and hand after a stroke while requiring less time with a therapist. The main questions it aims to answer are: - Does the sCIMT program help people use their affected arm and hand better - after a stroke? - Do participants feel that the sCIMT program is useful, easy to follow, and a good fit for their recovery needs? - Does taking part in the sCIMT program improve participants' quality of life and daily well-being? Participants will: - Take part in a therapy program 5x/week for 2 weeks. The program is designed to help improve the use of the arm and hand affected by stroke. - Wear a mitt on the stronger hand during certain practice activities to encourage use of the weaker hand. - Complete surveys and tests before and after the program to measure arm and hand use, experiences with the program, and quality of life.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Jul 2026

open study

Himalayas-1 is a randomized, open-label, global, multicenter phase 3 study evaluating whether the combination of rinzimetostat with darolutamide is more effective compared to physician's choice of control; ARPI (darolutamide or enzalutamide) or docetaxel for treating patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) who were previously treated with abiraterone acetate. The primary objective of this study is to demonstrate superiority in radiographic progression free survival (rPFS) of the investigational arm of rinzimetostat + darolutamide combination versus physician's choice of control: ARPI (darolutamide or enzalutamide) or docetaxel.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Jul 2026

open study

This pilot study evaluates the use of the CompuFlo® CathCheck™ System to assess labor epidural catheter function before reactivation for postpartum tubal ligation. The study aims to determine whether this technology can accurately identify functional versus dysfunctional epidural catheters compared with standard clinical assessment methods. Improving catheter assessment may reduce failed epidural reactivation, the need for additional anesthesia techniques, and improve patient safety.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Dec 2024

open study

Purpose: to assess efficacy and safety of Dato-DXd + rilvegostomig as adjuvant therapy versus SoC in MIUC participants with high-risk residual disease after radical resection. Study details: Duration: ~78 months (6.5 years) from FSI to last subject visit Treatment length: up to ~12 months, depending on randomized arm Visit frequency: every 3 weeks in Arms 1 and 2; every 2-4 weeks per SoC in Arm 3

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Jul 2026

open study

The goal of this clinical trial is to find out if FX-111 is safe enough to permit further studies in adult male participants with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). It will also study the drug's pharmacokinetics (how the body breaks down FX-111) and how well FX-111 treats mCRPC. The main questions it aims to answer are: What are the side effects of FX-111? Does FX-111 work to reduce or prevent progression of mCRPC? The study doctor will oversee participants' treatment with FX-111 and ask about any side effects. Participants will take FX-111 every day by mouth and will have regular physical and laboratory examinations to check health and tumor status.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Jul 2026

open study

Sleep is a major public health concern in the United States. Major guidelines recommend that adults obtain at least 7 hours of sleep per night. More than 25% of U.S. adults do not meet this recommendation, and 14.5% report difficulty falling asleep on most days or every day during the past month. The investigators developed a low-cost, easily accessible sleep intervention using artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of this intervention on sleep outcomes among U.S. adults.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Oct 2025

open study