Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) are disorders that affect the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS includes the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. Both diseases can cause muscle weakness and impair vision, speech, and coordination. Researchers are working to better understand how MS and PML affect the CNS. Objective: To test whether an experimental radioactive tracer (minibody) can help positron emission tomography (PET) scans detect certain immune cells in the CNS of people with MS and PML. Eligibility: People aged 18 years and older with MS, other neuroinflammatory diseases with BBB leakage, or PML. Design: Participants will come to the clinic for at least 3 visits over 4 to 6 weeks. Participants will undergo testing. They will have a physical and neurological exam. They will have blood tests and tests of their heart function. They will have a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the brain. They may have a spinal tap: Their lower back will be numbed, and a needle will be inserted between the bones of the spine to withdraw fluid from around the spinal cord. Minibody is given through a tube with a needle placed in a vein in the arm. This takes 5 to 10 minutes. Participants will have heart function tests before and after receiving the minibody. Participants may have a PET scan on the day of the Minibody and will return the next day for another PET scan. They will lie on a table that moves through a doughnut-shaped machine. This scan will take about 1 hour. Participants with PML may opt to repeat the minibody infusion and the PET scan within 6 months.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Oct 2023

open study

Background: There are no approved drugs to treat recurrent thymoma and thymic carcinoma. New therapies are needed for people with these cancers. Researchers want to see if the drug PT-112 can help. PT-112 kills cancer cells. It also helps the body s immune system fight cancer. Objective: To see if the study drug PT-112 can cause tumors to shrink. Eligibility: People ages 18 and older who have thymoma or thymic cancer and whose disease returned or progressed after treatment with at least one platinum-containing chemotherapy, or who have refused standard treatment. Design: Participants will be screened with: Review of medical history and medications Physical exam Blood and urine tests CT or MRI scans of parts of the body, including the brain Participants will get PT-112 in 28-day cycles, on days 1 and 15 of of the first cycle and on day 1 of each cycle after that. They will get the drug by infusion through a catheter. The catheter is a small plastic tube put into a vein. On days they receive the drug, participants will have physical exams and blood and urine tests. They will have an ECG to test heart function on day 1 of each cycle. Participants will have scans every 8 weeks. Participants may choose to have tumor biopsies on day 1 of cycles 1 and 3. Biopsies may be guided by an ultrasound or CT scan. Participants will continue treatment as long as they can handle the side effects and their disease does not get worse, for up to 8 years. Participants will have follow-up visits 2 weeks and 4 weeks after they stop therapy. Then the study team will check on participants every 3 months until 8 years after the participant joined the study.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Apr 2022

open study

This study will collect blood and urine samples from patients undergoing radiation therapy for glioblastoma multiforme (a type of brain tumor) to investigate the effects of this treatment on blood cells and certain proteins. The information from this study may help scientists develop new tests to measure radiation exposure and find new ways to treat cancer with radiation, and help determine which kinds of patients or tumors respond better to radiation therapy. Two proteins of particular interest in this study and which may be involved in the recurrence of cancer are VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) and MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases). Patients 18 years of age and older with glioblastoma multiforme who are receiving or will receive radiation therapy as part of their medical treatment may be eligible for this study. Candidates are screened with a history and physical examination, blood tests, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. Participants will have blood and urine samples collected before, during and after completion of their radiation treatment. Urine samples are collected in a cup and about 2 tablespoons of blood are withdrawn through a needle in a vein. Additional samples may be requested at different times during treatment and in the 3-year follow-up period.

Type: Observational

Start Date: Jun 2004

open study

BACKGROUND - This protocol acknowledges that it is in the interest of the NIH and ROB, as well as our participants, to continue to follow those who have been treated with radiotherapy at ROB and are not otherwise eligible for current active research protocols. - It also provides a mechanism for the correlation and interpretation of disparate data for research into the long term side effects and outcomes for a variety of disease entities and treatments, such as combined modality treatment, MoAb, PDT, radiation modifiers, intraoperative radiotherapy, etc. OBJECTIVE -The primary objective of this protocol is to assess the late effects of treatment and the natural history of disease through collection of data from any standard procedures performed as part of follow up care on participants previously treated with radiotherapy. ELIGIBILITY -Participants who received radiation therapy. DESIGN - This is a natural history protocol in which long-term follow up data will be collected from participants who received radiation therapy. - It will be made clear to participants in the consent form, that data collected during their follow-up may be used anonymously for publications concerning the natural history of disease processes and long-term effects of treatment.

Type: Observational

Start Date: Feb 2000

open study

Kidney diseases related to the immune system include, nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, membranous nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and nephritis associated with connective tissue disorders. This study will allow researchers to admit and follow patients suffering from autoimmune diseases of the kidney. It will attempt to provide information about the causes and specific abnormalities associated with autoimmune kidney disease. Patients with kidney disease as a result of their immune system, and patients with diseases of the immune system who may later develop kidney disease, will be potential subjects for this study. Patients will undergo a history and physical examination, and standard laboratory test to more closely understand the causes, signs, symptoms, and responses to medication of these diseases. Based on these evaluations the patients may qualify as candidates for other experimental studies. At any time these patients may be asked to submit blood or urine samples for further research.

Type: Observational

Start Date: Jun 1992

open study

Infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). The purpose of this study is to evaluate if metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) can detect microbial signatures in people undergoing HSCT, and if microbial identification can be correlated with clinical features of infection (e.g., fever). Participants undergoing HSCT as part of other studies at the NIH Clinical Center (CC) will provide blood before the transplant and through 6 months after. Total nucleic acid will be extracted from plasma and subjected to mNGS. The primary objective of this study is to investigate if by using plasma and an mNGS approach, we can detect bacterial, fungal, protozoan, or viral DNA/RNA over time, in immunocompromised patients undergoing transplantation. Secondary objectives are to: (1) To correlate microbial identification with episodes of fever or clinical suspicion of infection; and to (2) correlate change in microbial signatures in patients with suspected immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. The study is conducted at the NIH Clinical Center. Participants, aged 3 years and older, on other research studies at the NIH CC who are undergoing HSCT are invited to take part of this study. Expected participation is up to six months.

Type: Observational

Start Date: Apr 2025

open study

Study rationale High risk patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) require therapy with 131 I under thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulation. There are two methods of TSH stimulation endogenous by thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW) leading to hypothyroidism and exogenous by injection of human recombinant TSH (rhTSH Thyrogen). The appropriate 131-I activity utilized for treatment is either based on empiric fixed dosage choice or individually determined activity based on 131 I dosimetric calculations. Although dosimetry utilizing radioactive iodine isotope 131 I enables calculation of maximum safe dose, it does not estimate the tumoricidal activity necessary to destroy the metastatic lesions. The alternative radioactive isotope of iodine -124 I, used for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, might be used for calculation not only the maximum safe131 I dose, but also to predict the absorbed dose in the metastatic lesions. Study objectives The primary objective of this study is to compare the 124 I -PET/CT lesional and whole body dosimetry in each individual patient with metastatic radioiodine (RAI)-avid thyroid cancer under preparation with rhTSH and THW. The secondary objective is to evaluate the predicted by PET/CT lesional uptake with the early response to therapy. Study design This is a phase 2 pilot prospective cohort study comparing the lesional and whole body dosimetry within each patient undergoing exogenous (rhTSH) and endogenous (THW) TSH stimulation and followed for 5 years. Interventions Each study participant will undergo rhTSH and THW-aided 124 I-PET/CT dosimetric evaluations and will be subsequently treated with THW-aided RAI activity based on dosimetric calculations enabling maximum safe dosage. The patients will be followed in 12+/-3 months intervals for 5 years. Sample size and population This pilot study will include 30 patients with high risk differentiated thyroid cancer presenting with distant and/or loco-regional metastases.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Jul 2019

open study

This protocol will evaluate patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and their relatives to learn more about how the disease develops and changes over time. It will also study genetic factors that make a person susceptible to SLE. Patients 3 years of age and older with known or suspected SLE and their relatives may be eligible for this study. Patients will be evaluated with a medical history and physical examination, blood and urine tests. Other procedures may include: 1. Electrocardiogram 2. 24-hour urine collection 3. Imaging studies, such as chest and joint X-rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, bone scans, and bone densitometry. 4. Questionnaire about the degree of disease activity, and survey of risk factors for disease complications. 5. Apheresis-Collection of plasma (fluid portion of blood) or blood cells for analysis. Whole blood is collected through a needle in an arm vein. The blood circulates through a machine that separates it into its components. The required component (plasma or cells) is removed and the rest of the blood is returned to the body through the same needle or through a second needle in the other arm. 6. Skin biopsy-Removal of a small skin sample for microscopic analysis. An area of skin is numbed with an anesthetic and a small circular portion (about 1/4 inch in diameter) is removed, using a sharp cookie cutter-type instrument. 7. Kidney, bone marrow or other organ biopsy-Removal of a small sample of organ tissue. These biopsies are done only if they can provide information useful in better understanding the disease or making treatment decisions. 8. Genetic studies-Collection of a blood sample for gene testing. Patients will be followed at least once a year with a brief history and physical examination and routine blood and urine tests. Some patients may be seen more often. Treatment recommendations will be offered to patients' physicians, and patients who are eligible for other research treatment studies will be invited to enroll. Participating relatives of patients will fill out a brief medical history questionnaire and provide a DNA sample (either a blood sample or tissue swab from the inside of the cheek) for genetic testing.

Type: Observational

Start Date: Feb 1994

open study

The purpose of this study is to find out if Ivonescimab is an effective and safe treatment that causes few or mild side effects for people with advanced/unresectable leiomyosarcoma.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Apr 2026

open study

The goal of this clinical trial is to help understand spinal cord excitability in children with cerebral palsy compared to neurologically typical children. The main questions it aims to answer are: - What are the mechanisms of spinal circuit hyperexcitability in CP? - Can transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation reduce spinal circuit hyperexcitability? Participants with cerebral palsy will be asked to complete: - Movement and strength exercises - Mild, non-invasive stimulation on the back and legs that feels like a light tap. - Gentle, non-invasive tests that help us see how the brain and the spinal cord communicate with the muscles

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Mar 2026

open study

IM-3050-101 is a Phase 1 study to determine the safety and effectiveness of 177Lu-IM-3050 in treating participants with advanced cancer.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Apr 2026

open study

This is a phase 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessing the efficacy and safety of icovamenib in participants with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) not achieving glycemic targets despite Ozempic-based therapy.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Apr 2026

open study

This is a Phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessing the efficacy and safety of icovamenib in participants with Type 2 Diabetes who are not achieving glycemic targets despite antihyperglycemic medications.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Mar 2026

open study

A prospective, open-label, single arm interventional trial to establish normative reference ranges for urodynamics parameters in healthy adult participants using using the Glean Urodynamics System.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Mar 2026

open study

The goal of this clinical study is to test whether a structured prehabilitation program can be successfully used by adults with pancreatic cancer who are receiving chemotherapy before planned surgery. Prehabilitation is a program designed to improve a person's physical fitness, nutrition, and symptom control before surgery. The study's main hypothesis is that patients with pancreatic cancer can take part in and adhere to a multimodal prehabilitation program during chemotherapy, and that doing so may improve physical function, patient experience, and early recovery after surgery.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Mar 2026

open study

The goal of this observational study is to establish a patient registry and a biorepository (sample collection and storage) to investigate health disparities, access, and barriers to cancer screening and early detection technologies. The registry and biorepository will serve as a resource to support Cancer Early Detection (CED) screenings and future research focused on communities at increased risk for cancer. The study seeks to address: •Barriers and disparities in cancer prevention, screening, and treatment, particularly in historically underrepresented populations. Participants will: - Attend a minimum of five clinic visits over a five-year period for scheduled annual assessments while actively enrolled in the study. - Complete questionnaires at each visit that collect information on their medical history, cancer history, and family cancer history. - Allow relevant health information from their electronic health records (EHR) to be collected and reviewed. - Provide blood, saliva, and stool samples for research purposes. - Enter a long-term follow-up period for an additional five years.

Type: Observational [Patient Registry]

Start Date: Mar 2025

open study

This is a phase 3 randomized, double -masked study comparing the efficacy of EYP-1901 against Aflibercept.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Feb 2026

open study

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the absorption, metabolism, and excretion of DSP-5336 following a single oral administration of the study drug in patients with hematologic malignancies whose disease has progressed after available standard therapies.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Mar 2026

open study

The goal of this study is to learn about the effects of eating kimchi on the gut health of healthy adults in the USA. The investigators will be researching the changes in the gut microbiome, biomarkers of gut health and cardiometabolic health after consuming fermented and unfermented cabbage. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does eating kimchi (fermented cabbage) result in enrichment of lactic acid bacteria in the stools of participants? Does eating kimchi result in metabolic changes in the gut microbiome, biomarkers of gut and cardiometabolic health of participants? Researchers will compare a group of participants eating fermented cabbage (kimchi) daily to a group of participants eating non-fermented cabbage daily. Participants will: Eat kimchi or cabbage daily for 3 weeks. Visit the study site for brief visits up to 5 times. Have blood drawn and provide a fecal sample 2 times - at beginning and end of the 3 week study. Keep occasional records of food intake and questionnaires about any gastrointestinal symptoms that participants may have.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Mar 2026

open study

The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness and safety of a single dose of IPN10200 compared to placebo (double-blind phase) and how well and safely repeat doses of IPN10200 work over time (open-label phase) in adult participants with moderate to severe glabellar lines. Glabellar lines are wrinkle-like lines that appear between the eyebrows and can become more noticeable with age or repeated facial expressions. They may affect a person's appearance and confidence. All participants in the double-blind phase will receive IPN10200 or placebo during the first treatment cycle. De novo participants in the open-label phase will receive IPN10200 during the first treatment cycle. Some participants may receive additional treatment cycles with IPN10200 depending on their eligibility. There will be 3 periods in this study: - A screening period (up to 20 days) to assess whether the participant can take part, requiring at least 1 visit to the study centre. - A treatment period where participants may receive up to 4 treatment cycles. In the double-blind phase, participants receive a single treatment of IPN10200 or placebo. In the open-label phase (rollover participants from double-blind), eligible participants may receive additional cycles of IPN10200. In the open-label phase (de novo participants), participants will receive IPN10200 in the first cycle and eligible participants may receive additional cycles of IPN10200. Requires multiple visits during the first month followed by 1 visit every month. - A follow-up period (24 weeks) after the last injection where participants' health will be monitored. Participants will undergo health measurements and observation, including blood sampling, physical examinations, clinical evaluations and electrocardiograms (ECG: recording of the electrical activity of heart). They will also be asked to fill in questionnaires and keep a diary. Each participant will be in this study for up to 107 weeks. Participants may withdraw consent to participate at any time.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Feb 2026

open study

Pancreatic cancer is difficult to diagnose early. By the time people have been diagnosed, the cancer has usually spread to other parts of the body (metastatic). The standard treatment is chemotherapy, but other treatments are needed to improve outcomes in people with pancreatic cancer. The first treatment that people usually receive is chemotherapy. At the time this study started, some of the main standard chemotherapies for pancreatic cancer were mFOLFIRINOX or NALIRIFOX. Genes give your body instructions on how to make proteins. Proteins are needed to keep the body working properly. Many types of cancer are caused by changes in certain genes, making them faulty. Many people with pancreatic cancer have a faulty KRAS gene. One such change in the KRAS gene is called a G12D mutation. Researchers are looking for ways to stop the actions of abnormal proteins made from the KRAS G12D mutation. This study is about setidegrasib given with chemotherapy in people with pancreatic cancer who have the KRAS G12D mutation. Before setidegrasib can become an approved treatment, clinical studies need to be completed to understand how it works and how safe it is. The main aim is to learn if people who are given setidegrasib with chemotherapy live for longer than people who are given placebo with chemotherapy. Other aims are to learn if setidegrasib delays the cancer and symptoms returning, how the body processes setidegrasib, and its safety, when given with chemotherapy. People in this study will be adults with metastatic pancreatic cancer with the G12D mutation in their KRAS gene. Surgery or radiotherapy will not be an option to cure their cancer. People cannot take part if the cancer cells have spread to the thin tissue covering the brain and spinal cord (leptomeningeal disease), have symptoms of cancer in the brain or nervous system, or have recently had some other cancers that required treatment. In this study, people are given either setidegrasib with mFOLFIRINOX or NALIRIFOX chemotherapy, or a placebo with mFOLFIRINOX or NALIRIFOX chemotherapy. Whether people receive setidegrasib or placebo is decided by chance. The study doctor decides which chemotherapy (mFOLFIRINOX or NALIRIFOX) people receive. All of the study treatments are given slowly through a tube into a vein (infusion). People will continue to receive study treatment until their cancer gets worse, they can't tolerate the study treatment, they start other cancer treatment, they or the doctor decides the person should stop receiving study treatment, or sadly they pass away. There will be safety checks at each visit, and the doctors will continue to check for medical problems and people's wellbeing throughout the study.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Feb 2026

open study

This study is testing a lab-made antibody called ePGT121v1-LS that targets a specific part of HIV. Researchers will give it by vein (IV) and under the skin (SC), both on its own and together with two other antibodies, VRC07-523LS and PGDM1400LS, which target different parts of the virus. They will assess safety and side effects, determine the right dose, study how the body processes the drug (pharmacokinetics or PK), and measure how well it neutralizes HIV in the blood (serum neutralizing activity). The expectation is that ePGT121v1-LS, whether given alone or with PGDM1400LS and VRC07-523LS, by IV or SC, will be safe in generally healthy adults and that the antibodies will not interfere with each other when used together. Approximately 83 volunteers in overall good health and without HIV-1 will be enrolled into two parts (A and B). Part A has six groups. In Groups 1-3, participants will get ePGT121v1-LS given by IV at one of three dose levels: 5 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, or 40 mg/kg. In Groups 4-6, participants will receive three antibodies-first ePGT121v1-LS, then PGDM1400LS and VRC07-523LS-given by IV at two separate visits that are 24 weeks apart. The total study duration for participants in Part A is 48 weeks of scheduled clinic visits. Part B has two groups. In Group 7, people will get ePGT121v1-LS as SC shots at two visits 12 weeks apart. Each visit will give a total of 375 mg, split into three injections of 125 mg each. In Group 8, people will also have two visits 12 weeks apart and will receive three antibodies as SC shots in this order: first ePGT121v1-LS (125 mg), then PGDM1400LS (100 mg), and then VRC07-523LS (100 mg). The total study duration for participants in Part B is 24 weeks of scheduled clinic visits.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Mar 2026

open study

This is a phase II trial with an initial safety lead-in evaluating the efficacy, safety, neurocognitive, and quality-of-life outcomes of anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) therapy and standard-of-care (SOC) in patients with anti-human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-reactivated brain metastases. Male and female patients, aged ≥18 years, who have metastatic breast cancer with progressive brain metastases and CMV viremia (> 250 copies/ml) or positive CMV IgG or IgM will be eligible to participate in the trial. Patients can proceed with SRS as long as at least 1 lesion which is 2 cm or less in a noncritical area in the brain is spared as per the discretion of treating neurosurgeon/radiation oncologist. At least 10 patients will be enrolled in the initial safety lead-in followed by the Phase II trial which will include 18 patients. Anti-HCMV therapy, oral Valganciclovir will be given to patients at 900 mg twice a day for 2 weeks. After the induction period, the maintenance will be continued with valganciclovir at 450 mg twice daily for 4 weeks (28 days).

Type: Interventional

Start Date: May 2026

open study

The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of single injection dose of AURN001 compared with placebo in adult participants with corneal edema secondary to corneal endothelial dysfunction.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Feb 2026

open study

The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of RO7795068, a dual glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1)/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist (RA), at multiple doses compared with placebo for weight management in participants without Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who have obesity or overweight with at least one weight-related comorbidity.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Mar 2026

open study