GROUP 1: Bladder Cancer and/or Upper Tract UCC - Male or female ≥ 18 years of age who are scheduled for transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and/or biopsy of urinary tract or - Patients on surveillance who are negative for recurrence or tumor at the time of study enrollment but have had previous urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) or - Patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) or non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) scheduled for NAC and/or subsequent radical cystectomy (RC) - Able to provide consent prior to diagnostic TURBT, nephroureterectomy, or administration of NAC and/or RC - Able to provide at least 20cc urine. If patient cannot void sufficient volume of urine, urologist can pull urine from the bladder via catheter or cystoscope. Urine should not be collected immediately after resection - Participation in other bladder cancer studies is allowed. Experimental therapy must be documented in the case report forms GROUP 2: Hematuria Controls - Male or female ≥ 18 years of age presenting with gross or microscopic hematuria as defined by standard of care - No evidence of and/or history of bladder cancer, upper tract UCC, kidney cancer and/or prostate cancer at the time of collection - Able to provide consent - Able to provide at least 20cc urine - Participation in other studies is allowed. Experimental therapy must be documented in the case report forms

GROUP 1: Bladder Cancer and/or Upper Tract UCC - Clinical, symptomatic urinary tract infection at time of initial urine collection - Unable to provide adequate urine sample GROUP 2: Hematuria Controls - Evidence and/or History of bladder cancer, upper tract UCC, kidney cancer and/or prostate cancer at the time of collection