Purpose

The goal of this study is to measure bacterial burden, specifically Staph aureus, and how it spreads between mothers and their infants. Researchers will evaluate if the amount of bacteria on their skin remains the same after mothers use a skin antisepsis treatment prior to delivering their infants. The investigators also aim to assess participant interest in and compliance with skin antisepsis treatments. The hypothesis is that increased maternal interest will align with increased treatment compliance.

Condition

Eligibility

Eligible Ages
Over 18 Years
Eligible Sex
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No

Inclusion Criteria

  • Participants must be enrolled in longitudinal study Project HOPE1000.

Exclusion Criteria

  • Participants not enrolled in Project HOPE1000 will be excluded.

Study Design

Phase
N/A
Study Type
Interventional
Allocation
Non-Randomized
Intervention Model
Single Group Assignment
Primary Purpose
Prevention
Masking
None (Open Label)

Arm Groups

ArmDescriptionAssigned Intervention
Experimental
Maternal Skin Decolonization
These decolonization methods have been safely tolerated in adults and children. We propose a combination of intranasal mupirocin and chlorhexidine baths for a 5-day decolonization regimen targeting pregnant women in their third trimester prior to delivery
  • Drug: Mupirocin
    Participants will place a pea-sized amount (or approximately 1cm ribbon) of 2% mupirocin ointment (Duke formulary) on a cotton swab and gently massage it into the anterior nares twice daily for 5 days.
    Other names:
    • Bactroban
  • Drug: Chlorhexidine baths
    Participants will be instructed to use pre-packaged chlorhexidine cloths. Each cloth will be used to wipe designated body areas (i.e., arms, legs, chest and neck, back and perineum) once a day for 5 days. These are inexpensive cloths that are easy to use and have been shown to be effective at eradicating Staph aureus carriage. Ideally, participants will be instructed not to rinse off immediately after using the cloths. Baths should be performed on the same 5 days as they apply the intranasal mupirocin.
    Other names:
    • CHG cloths
No Intervention
Baseline or control dyads
Maternal-infant dyads without exposure to skin decolonization treatment

Recruiting Locations

Duke University
Durham 4464368, North Carolina 4482348 27703
Contact:
Kirsten Jenkins

More Details

Status
Recruiting
Sponsor
Duke University

Study Contact

Ibukunoluwa Kalu, MD
(919) 684-6335
ica5@duke.edu

Detailed Description

Few studies have assessed the clinical epidemiology of bacterial transmission among mother-infant dyads in hospitalized and community settings. In an era of rising antimicrobial resistance, the epidemiology of colonization and infections are also changing. Maternal factors account for infants' early exposure to bacteria. Maternal colonization with multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria portends a high likelihood of transmission to the infant. As methicillin resistant Staph aureus (S. aureus) bacteria remain among the top causes of pediatric infections, the presence of these species among mothers and infants can be used to assess antimicrobial resistance, colonization and transmission in maternal-infant dyads. S. aureus is a uniquely interesting pathogen in the perinatal period. MRSA nasal colonization is a sensitive predictor of bloodstream, genitourinary and respiratory infections. Also, parental colonization with S. aureus is typically concordant with infants' colonizing and infecting S. aureus strains. In tandem, there have been numerous studies assessing the utility and impact of MRSA decolonization for high risk patients. This project creates a unique opportunity for in-depth microbiological analyses of maternal-infant dyads. Design & Procedures: S. aureus skin decolonization methods have been safely tolerated in adults and children. The investigators propose a combination of intranasal mupirocin and chlorhexidine baths for a 5-day decolonization treatment targeting pregnant women already consented to participate in a longitudinal cohort - Project HOPE cohort. The investigators will aim for maternal participation in their third trimester. The decolonization regimen will include: 1. Intranasal mupirocin - Participants will place a pea-sized amount (or approximately 1cm ribbon) of 2% mupirocin ointment on a cotton swab and gently massage it into the anterior nares twice daily for 5 days. 2. Chlorhexidine baths - Participants will be instructed to use pre-packaged chlorhexidine cloths. Each cloth will be used to wipe designated body areas (i.e., arms, legs, chest and neck, back and perineum) once a day for 5 days. These are inexpensive cloths that are easy to use and have been shown to be effective at eradicating Staph aureus carriage. Ideally, participants will be instructed not to rinse off immediately after using the cloths. Baths should be performed on the same 5 days as they apply the intranasal mupirocin. Evaluation of decolonization protocol compliance: The investigators will provide verbal and printed instructions in participants' preferred languages (English or Spanish). The research team will conduct two weekly check-ins - one during the treatment week and the other during the subsequent week. The investigators will also conduct online surveys to gauge decolonization tolerance and self-reported completion rates. When plausible, participants will be asked to return the mupirocin tube at their next routinely scheduled visit to confirm appropriate use.

Notice

Study information shown on this site is derived from ClinicalTrials.gov (a public registry operated by the National Institutes of Health). The listing of studies provided is not certain to be all studies for which you might be eligible. Furthermore, study eligibility requirements can be difficult to understand and may change over time, so it is wise to speak with your medical care provider and individual research study teams when making decisions related to participation.