Purpose

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, and early detection is critical for improving patient outcomes. Despite this, reliable non-invasive biomarkers for early-stage HCC are limited. This study seeks to develop a multi-omics-based liquid biopsy assay, especially focusing on ncRNAs (e.g. tsRNA, miRNA, circRNA, lncRNA, etc.) for accurate detection of early-stage HCC.

Condition

Eligibility

Eligible Ages
Over 18 Years
Eligible Sex
All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Yes

Inclusion Criteria

  • Adults aged 18 to 100 years. - A histologically confirmed diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. - A clinically diagnosed as chronic liver disease, including chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis, without evidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. - Healthy volunteers without known liver disease or malignancy. - Received standard diagnostic and staging procedures as per local guidelines - Availability of blood or other biospecimens. - Ability to provide written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria

  • Lack of or inability to provide informed consent - History of other active malignancies within the past 5 years - Previous liver transplantation - Severe systemic infection or inflammatory disease at the time of enrollment - Inadequate sample quality or quantity

Study Design

Phase
Study Type
Observational
Observational Model
Case-Control
Time Perspective
Retrospective

Arm Groups

ArmDescriptionAssigned Intervention
HCC (Discovery, Small RNA-seq) Patient diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma, including cases with HBV-, HCV-, and NBNC-related etiologies. Blood or other biospecimens will be collected for multi-omics profiling
  • Diagnostic Test: Small RNA sequence
    Comprehensive small RNA sequencing of serum or plasma-derived cf-tsRNAs to identify candidate biomarkers distinguishing HCC from NDC.
  • Diagnostic Test: Rt-qPCR
    Construction of integrated cf- tsmiRNAs diagnostic classifier using machine learning
  • Diagnostic Test: Rt-qPCR
    PCR-based validation of the tsRNA panel
Chronic Liver Disease (CLD) cohort Patients with chronic liver disease, including liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis, without evidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Blood or other biospecimens will be collected for multi-omics profiling.
  • Diagnostic Test: Small RNA sequence
    Comprehensive small RNA sequencing of serum or plasma-derived cf-tsRNAs to identify candidate biomarkers distinguishing HCC from NDC.
  • Diagnostic Test: Rt-qPCR
    Construction of integrated cf- tsmiRNAs diagnostic classifier using machine learning
  • Diagnostic Test: Rt-qPCR
    PCR-based validation of the tsRNA panel
Healthy Controls Healthy individuals without known liver disease or malignancy who will provide blood or other biospecimens as normal controls for biomarker evaluation.
  • Diagnostic Test: Small RNA sequence
    Comprehensive small RNA sequencing of serum or plasma-derived cf-tsRNAs to identify candidate biomarkers distinguishing HCC from NDC.
  • Diagnostic Test: Rt-qPCR
    Construction of integrated cf- tsmiRNAs diagnostic classifier using machine learning
  • Diagnostic Test: Rt-qPCR
    PCR-based validation of the tsRNA panel

Recruiting Locations

City of Hope Medical Center
Duarte, California 91016
Contact:
Ajay Goel, PhD
626-218-3452
ajgoel@coh.org

More Details

Status
Recruiting
Sponsor
City of Hope Medical Center

Study Contact

Goel Ajay, PhD
626-218-3452
ajgoel@coh.org

Detailed Description

Liver cancer is a major global health challenge, ranking as the 5th leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the U.S. and 3rd worldwide, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounting for ~75% of cases. Incidence has more than tripled since 1980, and death rates have risen by ~2% annually, highlighting the need for improved detection and treatment. Prognosis remains poor: over 50% of HCC cases are diagnosed at stage IV, with a 1-year survival below 30%, whereas early-stage HCC (stages I-II) can achieve up to 74% 5-year survival with curative interventions. Major risk factors include viral hepatitis (HBV, HCV), alcohol abuse, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), with non-viral HCC increasing in prevalence, particularly in Western countries. Screening programs target high-risk populations but miss many asymptomatic or average-risk individuals, contributing to late-stage diagnoses. Biomarker discovery holds promise for improving early detection. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), the most widely used biomarker, has limited sensitivity for early-stage HCC (39-64%). This study seeks to validate a panel of more accurate and non-invasive biomarkers in preoperative blood samples. Accurate early detection of HCC would help provide clear criteria for treatment decisions, such as timely surgical intervention or the addition of adjuvant chemotherapy.

Notice

Study information shown on this site is derived from ClinicalTrials.gov (a public registry operated by the National Institutes of Health). The listing of studies provided is not certain to be all studies for which you might be eligible. Furthermore, study eligibility requirements can be difficult to understand and may change over time, so it is wise to speak with your medical care provider and individual research study teams when making decisions related to participation.